Knee Replacements

Knee replacement surgery is a routine operation undertaken to replace the knee joint with either a plastic or metal joint when there is constant pain, instability, reduced mobility and thus a loss of function.

The knee is made up of the lower end of the thigh bone (femur), the upper end of the shin bone (tibia) and the kneecap (patella).

Research has shown that the majority of people who have had surgery are happy with their outcome.

The most common reason for surgery is osteoarthritis but other conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and knee trauma can also predispose the need for a replacement.

There are two main types of surgery; a total knee replacement and a unicompartmental or partial knee replacement. A patellofemoral arthroplasty where the under surface of the patella (knee cap), can be replaced if this is the only affected area.

A total knee replacement is usually considered for the older age group. Here both sides of the knee joint are replaced and the under surface of the patella may also be replaced.

 A partial replacement is considered for any age group. Here only one side of the joint is replaced, either the inner or outer portion of the knee. This surgery enables more bone to be preserved in the younger age and with the older age it is a less stressful operation with fewer risks. However it is not suitable for everyone as you need to have strong, healthy knee ligaments.

Exercises both before and after surgery are very important. Following the surgery, while still in hospital, you will be given some leg strengthening exercises and start walking. It is important that you continue with strengthening exercises for the legs and balance work for a while post operation. Most people will be able to drive after about eight to twelve weeks. Full recovery may take up to 2 years as scar tissue heals.

References:

NHS Choices

Arthritis Research UK

OrthoInfo